Take Your Entry-Level Security Role Hunt to The Next Level

Are you curious about how to break into information security? Maybe you love solving puzzles, enjoy learning how things work, or want a career that puts you at the forefront of defending organizations? Maybe you just want to maintain and increase your pay in a field that has steady demand. Want to improve your life for you and your family? If that sounds like you, welcome to the start of an exciting, and sometimes challenging, adventure.

When I first started looking into cybersecurity, the options seemed overwhelming. Certifications, home labs, career tracks, constantly changing threats. I felt like I needed a roadmap just to get started. That’s why I’ve pulled together everything I wish I’d known at the beginning, to help you (whether you’re a student, career-changer, or just cybersecurity-curious) find your path in this rapidly growing field.

This guide covers the current job market, certification options, essential technical and soft skills, practical experience, entry-level roles, free learning resources, and tips for saving money and accelerating your learning. By the end, you’ll not only understand the steps to launch your career in information security but also feel a whole lot more confident in your direction.

Why Choose a Career in Information Security?

Breaking into information security can be both strategic and deeply rewarding. It’s not just about sitting behind a screen fending off hackers. It’s about problem-solving, building trust, and being a key player in protecting businesses, communities, and data.

But why choose a security career now? For one thing, cybersecurity is a field with enormous growth and stability. According to recent projections, demand for cybersecurity roles is expected to rise 20% by 2025, with a global shortage of 3.5 million professionals. That’s not just industry hype; it’s an open door for anyone willing to learn, adapt, and grow.

I’ll never forget sitting in my cozy desktop admin chair, skimming headlines about yet another massive data breach. I realized that 90% of the assets, resources, configurations, and users I touched everyday impacted my organizations security. That day marked my turning point. The world needed more defenders; especially ones that understood how typical IT processes create the gaps or attack surfaces in the first place.

Understanding the Cybersecurity Job Market

Before you rush out to buy study materials or sign up for a bootcamp, it’s worth understanding what the market looks like for entry-level security professionals.

The Demand Is Mostly Real (and Growing)

Cybersecurity threats continue to evolve, and companies are scrambling to catch up. This talent shortage means organizations are actively seeking motivated, entry-level hires. If you’re a fresh graduate, switching from another IT field, or even changing careers from something unrelated, you’re in good company.

• Global shortage: “Estimates” suggest 3.5 million cybersecurity positions will need to be filled by 2025. These figures are often overrepresented of the truth however. There are countless stories of cybersecurity entrants trying their hardest to break in, and running into brick walls, making the claim feel about as far away from reality as Neptune is from Earth.
• Growth: According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the demand for security analysts is projected to grow by an impressive 20% in the next few years. This rapid growth highlights the increasing need for skilled professionals to protect organizations from evolving cybersecurity threats.
• Skills Gap = Opportunity: Many organizations are open to hiring people who show aptitude and a willingness to learn, even if you don’t tick every box. This has been changing quickly as AI, Agentic AI and Automation has given organizations a unfounded confidence that these roles can be filled by a bunch of software that may have just as many vulnerabilities as the software you would have been working to get patched by the devs. With more AI there will be even more need to secure it, so there will continue to be an opportunity to get into this field, the core requirements might change a little however.
• Patience is Key When it comes to business, and especially the job market, things often aren’t as straightforward as they seem. You’ve heard about the massive talent gap in cybersecurity and how it’s growing. While there’s truth to most of it, it’s important to look closer. Some claims are exaggerated, and with the rise of AI (which will likely be pushed to its limits before truly settling into its role), things are shifting again.

That said, not every job posting is what it seems. Unfortunately, there are times when positions are advertised in bad faith; roles listed with little intention of giving fair consideration to qualified candidates. Then there’s the frustrating trend of employers setting unrealistic requirements, like asking for 3-5 years of experience for what they’re calling a “junior” position. It’s a way to squeeze as much value as possible from the market, but it can leave candidates feeling discouraged and undervalued.

The truth? This is the reality of the system right now, and you’re not alone in navigating it. It’s tough, but don’t let it shake your confidence. Use your common sense, keep your focus, and trust in your abilities. Everyone is adapting to this landscape, and with persistence and patience, you’ll find the right opportunity. It’s all part of the journey.

The Barriers Are Lower Than You Think.

Don’t have a computer science degree? Neither did many of the best analysts and pentesters I know. The truth is, breaking into the cybersecurity field is more about practical skills (and shoulder rubbing/softskills) than formal education. By focusing on hands-on experience, earning relevant certifications like CompTIA Security+ or Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH), and building a strong professional network, you can often bypass the “traditional” barriers. Employers increasingly value real-world expertise and problem-solving ability over academic credentials, so don’t let a lack of a degree hold you back from pursuing a career in this exciting and fast-growing field.

---

Essential Certifications for Beginners

Certifications can serve as a common language in information security. They demonstrate you have base skills and demonstrate commitment to employers and peers. The question isn’t “Should I get certified?” but rather “Which certifications make sense for me right now?”

Top Entry-Level Certifications

Here’s a breakdown of the most valuable beginner cybersecurity certifications and what they cover:

• CompTIA Security+: The gold standard for newcomers. Covers risk management, network and system security, threats and vulnerabilities, cryptography, IAM, and more. Costs about $400, but well worth it.
• (ISC)² Certified in Cybersecurity (CC): Teaches fundamentals of security principles, business continuity, and access controls. Occasionally offered for free, which is a fantastic entry point.
• CompTIA Network+: Builds your networking concepts, which are essential for any security work. Exam runs about $360.
• CompTIA A+: General IT support knowledge; good for absolute beginners. $246 per exam (two exams needed), so $492 total.
• Google Cybersecurity Professional Certificate: Focuses on hands-on learning and job-readiness. You can complete it in about six months with consistent study.
• ISACA Cybersecurity Fundamentals: Covers the basics of architecture, system and data security, incident response, and evolving threats. Excellent value at around $150–$200.
• GIAC and EC-Council: While more expensive, these offer focused tracks such as penetration testing and security essentials for those with a bit of experience.

If you’re deciding between Security+, Network+, and A+, my advice is to start with Network+ if you’re completely new to networking, then work your way up. If you already know the basics, Security+ is usually your best value.

• Warning

There is a significant group of people who strongly believe in the “certifications are worthless, experience is everything” mindset. These individuals often stick to this perspective without considering a more balanced view, influenced by unchecked biases or negative experiences they’ve encountered in their careers.

Do certifications guarantee you’ll be a good employee? No. Do they make you the smartest analyst, administrator, or engineer in the room? No. Do they ensure you’ll never make a mistake? No. Certifications alone cannot account for qualities like performance, social skills, responsibility, accountability, or dependability.

Some people have fast-tracked into roles using certifications but failed to meet expectations, leaving a negative impression on their teams about the value of certifications. However, poor job performance is not exclusive to those with certifications. Some employees are simply not a good fit, regardless of their credentials.

My advice is to take advantage of every opportunity available to you in order to build the success and momentum you need. Nothing is guaranteed, but strategically, certifications do hold value. When combined with other essential skills, they can provide a strong foundation for growth.

Study Time & Exam Costs

• If you’re new to IT or networking, plan on 3–6 months of study time for these exams.
• Already have some experience? You might be ready in 4–6 weeks with focused learning.
• Always account for exam fees in your career planning and look for discounts (more on this later).

When I prepped for my first certification, I spent evenings reviewing study guides and weekends in online study groups (shout out to Tech Exams). If you prefer self-study, there are ample online options. If you thrive in a classroom, look for local or virtual bootcamps.

---

Core Technical Skills for Information Security

Certifications are an important piece of the puzzle when building a career in IT or cybersecurity, but real-world skills are just as critical. Employers want to see more than just credentials on your resume: they want to know that you truly understand how networks operate, can identify vulnerabilities, and effectively troubleshoot issues under pressure. Practical, hands-on experience is what sets candidates apart from the crowd (in addition to a strong recommendation to the hiring manager).

Key Foundations

• Networking Fundamentals: A solid grasp of networking is essential. Learn the ins and outs of TCP/IP, the OSI model, subnets, DNS, DHCP, routing, and basic VPN setups. Understanding these concepts will help you diagnose and resolve network issues efficiently. Tools like Wireshark are invaluable for visualizing and analyzing network traffic. Experiment with them to bring these concepts to life and develop a deeper understanding of how data flows across networks.
• Operating Systems: Employers look for candidates who are comfortable navigating and managing multiple operating systems, including Windows, various Linux distributions, and macOS. Familiarize yourself with core concepts like file systems, permissions, user accounts, and basic system hardening techniques. For example, try configuring a Linux server, securing it with basic firewall rules, and monitoring logs for unauthorized access attempts.
• Programming/Scripting: Knowing the basics of programming languages like Python, PowerShell, or Bash can give you a significant edge. Even simple scripts can automate repetitive tasks, saving time and reducing the risk of human error. Start with writing small scripts that perform tasks like log parsing, file management, or system monitoring. Over time, you’ll develop the confidence to tackle more complex automation.
• Security Tools: Familiarity with key security tools is a must-have skill in today’s landscape. Gain hands-on experience with firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS), and SIEM platforms like Splunk or QRadar. Learn how to use vulnerability scanners such as Nessus and OpenVAS to identify security gaps, and practice using packet analyzers to dissect network traffic. Understanding how these tools work will make you more effective at identifying and mitigating threats.
• Cloud Computing: As businesses increasingly migrate their infrastructure to the cloud, a strong understanding of cloud computing is crucial. Learn the basics of IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS models, and focus on cloud security principles. Familiarize yourself with popular platforms like AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud. Practice setting up virtual machines, securing cloud environments, and managing permissions to understand the unique challenges of cloud-based systems.

I always tell newcomers to the field that the best way to learn is to get hands-on, even if it means breaking things—of course, in a safe and controlled environment. Set up a lab at home or use free virtual labs offered by platforms like TryHackMe or Hack The Box. For instance, you can simulate installing and securing a Linux server, configure a home router with custom firewall rules, or explore how malware behaves in a sandbox environment. These practical exercises will build both your confidence and your skills, giving you the experience hiring managers look for.

Remember, the combination of theoretical knowledge, certifications, and real-world practice is what will truly set you apart in this field. Dive in, stay curious, and don’t be afraid to experiment; every challenge you solve is another step toward mastering your craft.

Supporting IT Skills

While it’s tempting to jump straight into a career in security, building a strong foundation in broader IT fields, such as support, networking, and systems administration, can give you a significant advantage. Don’t underestimate the value of end-user support skills, basic troubleshooting abilities, and familiarity with the command-line interface.

Starting your IT career directly in Information Security isn’t something I typically recommend as a first step. However, the industry has evolved, and there are now multiple pathways into this field. That said, roles like helpdesk support, desktop administration, or network administration often provide a deeper understanding of IT fundamentals, making the transition into security smoother and more effective. Additionally, gaining experience in these roles can provide valuable insights into the systems and networks that need to be secured.

---

Practical Experience: Building Your Security Lab

One of the things that gave me the most confidence when job-searching was my home “cyber lab.” Setting up safe environments to experiment, fail, and try again helped me learn faster than any book alone.

Home Lab Setups

You don’t need a big budget or dedicated space to get started with a home lab. Start simple:

• Use an old laptop or desktop. Even second-hand or outdated hardware works great for experimenting.
• Install virtualization software like VirtualBox or VMware to create virtual machines.
• Create both Windows and Linux VMs to familiarize yourself with different operating systems.
• Experiment with open-source security tools like Wireshark, Metasploit, or Snort to practice real-world skills such as network monitoring, penetration testing, or intrusion detection.

Building your own lab is one of the best ways to gain hands-on experience and simulate real-world scenarios, all from the comfort of your home.

Online Practice Environments

If you don’t have the hardware for a home lab, don’t worry—there are plenty of cloud-based options to help you get started:

• Platforms like TryHackMe and Hack The Box offer interactive cyber range challenges to test your penetration testing and problem-solving skills.
• Guided learning environments like RangeForce, Immersive Labs, and CyberSecLabs provide structured scenarios that teach you to identify vulnerabilities, respond to incidents, and more.
• Google’s Cybersecurity Certificate platform also includes integrated labs, making it beginner-friendly for those new to cybersecurity.

These platforms are perfect for practicing hands-on skills without needing to invest in physical equipment, and they are constantly updated to reflect the latest threats and trends.

Developing Hands-On Skills

Once you’ve set up your lab or signed up for online environments, challenge yourself to solve practical problems:

• Can you secure a virtual network from potential threats?
• Can you detect and respond to a simulated intrusion?
• Research how to harden servers, create firewalls, or implement access controls, and document your steps.

Keep a record of your setups, challenges, and what you’ve learned—this becomes your first portfolio. Employers value tangible evidence of skills, and showcasing your work demonstrates initiative and problem-solving abilities. Hands-on experience is key to building confidence in cybersecurity!

---

Top 5 Entry-Level Cybersecurity Positions

Breaking into the cybersecurity field might feel overwhelming, but starting with the right role can set the stage for a rewarding career. Here are five entry-level positions to consider, along with U.S. salary expectations for context and insights into potential career paths.

1. Security Operations Center (SOC) Analyst

• What You Do: SOC Analysts are the first line of defense in cybersecurity. They monitor networks for unusual activity, respond to security incidents, and analyze alerts to identify potential threats. You’ll often work in a team environment using advanced tools and software to ensure systems remain secure.
• Salary: $60,000–$75,000 starting, depending on your location and employer.
• Next Steps: After gaining experience, you might move into senior SOC roles, specialize in threat analysis, or transition to incident response positions that handle more complex attacks.

2. IT Support/Help Desk (with Security Focus)

• What You Do: This role focuses on troubleshooting technical issues, assisting users with resetting passwords, and helping teams respond to phishing attempts or other common security problems. It’s a great way to build foundational technical skills and gain exposure to cybersecurity practices.
• Salary: $40,000–$55,000.
• Next Steps: Many professionals start here and transition into junior analyst roles, systems administration, or compliance-focused positions where they can further expand their cybersecurity expertise.

3. Junior Information Security Analyst

• What You Do: As a Junior Information Security Analyst, you’ll handle tasks like managing user permissions, reviewing security logs, and supporting compliance audits. You’ll play a crucial role in helping your organization protect sensitive data and maintain regulatory standards.
• Salary: $65,000–$85,000.
• Next Steps: With time and experience, you can advance to mid-level analyst roles, become a security engineer designing and implementing security systems, or explore a career in consulting, assisting organizations with their security strategies.

4. Junior GRC Analyst (Governance, Risk, Compliance)

• What You Do: GRC roles focus on helping organizations stay compliant with regulations and manage risks effectively. As a Junior GRC Analyst, you’ll support compliance programs, conduct policy reviews, and assist with risk assessments to identify vulnerabilities. This position bridges the gap between technical and business-focused cybersecurity roles.
• Salary: $60,000–$70,000.
• Next Steps: Over time, you could progress into roles like risk manager, GRC consultant, or auditor, helping organizations navigate increasingly complex regulatory environments.

5. Junior Penetration Tester

• What You Do: If you enjoy problem-solving and thinking like a hacker, this could be the role for you. Junior Penetration Testers simulate cyberattacks, test system defenses, and write detailed reports on their findings to help organizations improve their cybersecurity posture.
• Salary: $70,000–$80,000.
• Next Steps: As you develop your skills, you could move into advanced penetration testing, red team operations, or security research, where you’ll focus on discovering and mitigating new vulnerabilities.

My Journey:

I personally started as a field technician, and though it wasn’t directly related to cybersecurity, it gave me the technical foundation and problem-solving mindset I needed. With persistence, curiosity, and a willingness to learn, I worked my way up various desktop and engineering positions then transitioned into a role with the security team in my 6th year.

The cybersecurity field is vast, with opportunities to grow in technical, managerial, and strategic directions. No matter where you start, dedication and continuous learning will help you build a successful career.

Free Security Learning Resources

Part of what makes security accessible is the sheer volume of open resources.

Online Courses and Platforms

• Cybrary: Free security fundamentals and specialized courses
• OpenSecurityTraining: Deep dives into low-level concepts
• Coursera and edX: University courses for free (with optional paid certificates)
• Google Cybersecurity Certificate: Beginners program emphasizing hands-on skill

Communities and Self-Study

• Reddit (r/cybersecurity, r/netsecstudents): Great for motivation, trends, and Q&A
• Discord servers: Many study groups and open CTFs
• TryHackMe, Hack The Box: Many free rooms and beginner-friendly challenges

Leaning on the community is a game-changer. I found my first mentor on Reddit and joined study groups that kept me accountable when motivation dipped.

Finding Certification Exam Discounts

The first certification can strain the wallet, but there are ways to save:

• Training Providers: Check for built-in voucher deals when you buy a course.
• Student Discounts: Many certifying organizations offer big discounts for students or recent grads.
• Exam Vouchers: Look on sites like ExamCompass, Pearson VUE, or forums where discounted or second-chance vouchers appear.
• Special Programs: For example, (ISC)² sometimes offers free Certified in Cybersecurity training and test fees.

Look out for seasonal sales, employer reimbursement, or state and community workforce programs. I paid half price for my Security+ exam by bundling with a training course.

---

Accelerating Your Learning with AI Tools

AI isn’t just a headline in the security world; it’s also a practical, powerful study partner that can transform the way you learn and prepare for exams. Whether you’re tackling complex certifications like Security+ or brushing up on industry fundamentals, AI tools offer personalized, efficient support tailored to your needs.

How AI Can Help You

• Study Techniques: Tools like ChatGPT or Google Gemini can quiz you on exam topics, breaking down complex concepts into digestible points and generating practice questions that mimic actual exam scenarios. For example, you can ask AI to quiz you on specific Security+ domains, such as “Explain the CIA triad and provide multiple-choice questions around it.” Beyond simple quizzes, AI can take your input further by diving deeper. You can ask it to reframe a concept in different ways, such as “Explain public-key cryptography as if I’m a beginner,” or “Describe public-key cryptography using technical, advanced terminology.” This flexibility allows you to clarify confusing topics and deepen your understanding.
• Knowledge Organization: AI tools like Notion AI, GoogleNotebookLM, or Obsidian can help streamline your study materials. For example, you can use these platforms to organize your notes into dynamic mind maps or create custom flashcards that adapt as you study. For a more structured approach, you might ask AI to build a step-by-step study plan based on your exam date, prioritizing tougher topics first. By keeping everything organized and accessible, you save time and focus more on learning.
• Practice Enhancement: AI can craft realistic security scenarios or simulate threat hunts that mimic real-world challenges. For instance, you can input sample Security+ questions and ask AI to provide not just the correct answers but line-by-line explanations for how those answers were derived. If you’re stuck, you can engage in a deeper dialogue by asking, “Why is this the correct answer, and what are common misconceptions about this question?” or “Can you explain this concept with an analogy?” This level of customization builds a stronger foundation of knowledge and helps clarify even the most confusing concepts.

By engaging with AI tools in these specific, adaptive ways, you can transform your study process into something far more interactive and impactful. These tools allow you to dive deeper into topics, refine your focus, and gain a thorough understanding at any level of expertise, giving you an edge as you prepare to excel in the rapidly evolving security landscape.

---

Understanding Key Security Standards and Frameworks

Security is more than just technology; it’s about adopting standards and frameworks that build trust, ensure compliance, and protect critical assets. These frameworks serve as structured guidelines to help organizations identify risks, implement controls, and maintain robust security practices. Here are some of the most important ones:

• NIST Cybersecurity Framework: Anchored on five core functions: Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover, this framework provides a comprehensive approach to managing and reducing cybersecurity risks. It is widely used across industries to establish a solid security foundation.
• ISO/IEC 27001: Known as the international gold standard for managing information security, this framework focuses on establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continuously improving an information security management system (ISMS). It is essential for organizations looking to systematically protect sensitive data.
• CIS Critical Security Controls: This is a practical, prioritized checklist of best practices designed to mitigate the most common cyber threats. It offers actionable steps that organizations can implement quickly to improve their security posture.
• PCI DSS and GDPR: The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) is crucial for any organization handling payment card data, ensuring secure transactions and reducing fraud. Similarly, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) focuses on protecting personal data and privacy for individuals in the European Union, emphasizing transparency and accountability.

Additional frameworks and organizations add critical guidance for specific areas of cybersecurity:

• OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project): OWASP focuses on improving software security by identifying and addressing the top vulnerabilities in web applications. Its resources, such as the OWASP Top 10, are essential for secure application development.
• MITRE ATT&CK Framework: This framework provides a detailed, globally accessible knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques based on real-world observations. It is a key resource for threat hunting, incident response, and developing robust defenses.
• Cloud Security Alliance (CSA): CSA offers best practices and tools for securing cloud environments, including the Cloud Control Matrix (CCM) and the Consensus Assessments Initiative Questionnaire (CAIQ), helping organizations navigate cloud-specific risks and compliance requirements.

These frameworks are foundational for anyone working in cybersecurity or IT governance. You’ll encounter them regularly, whether you’re writing policies, designing security programs, or preparing for audits and compliance assessments. Understanding these standards ensures you’re equipped to protect your organization and build trust with stakeholders.

---

Developing Networking and Soft Skills

The stereotype of the introverted security professional is outdated. In today’s cybersecurity landscape, success is built on communication, collaboration, and connection. Networking and soft skills are just as important as technical expertise when it comes to advancing in this field.

Building Your Professional Network

A strong professional network can open doors, provide mentorship, and expose you to new opportunities. Here’s how to grow yours:

• LinkedIn: Create a polished profile that showcases your skills, certifications, and accomplishments. Share your progress on projects or certifications, and actively connect with industry professionals. Engage in conversations, comment on posts, and join relevant groups to stay visible.
• Mentorship: Don’t be afraid to reach out to experienced professionals in your field. Most are happy to share their insights and guidance, as they often enjoy paying it forward to the next generation. A good mentor can give advice, point you toward resources, and help you navigate career challenges.
• Meetups & Conferences: Attend cybersecurity meetups, seminars, and conferences—whether in-person or virtual. These events are excellent opportunities to meet peers, hear from industry leaders, and learn about the latest trends and tools. Even virtual attendance can help you make meaningful connections if you engage thoughtfully.

Communication Skills

In cybersecurity, being able to communicate effectively is critical. It’s not enough to have technical knowledge—you also need to explain it in a way that non-technical audiences can understand. Whether you’re writing an incident report, presenting findings to stakeholders, or explaining risks to management, clarity is key.

• Simplify Technical Jargon: Learn to break down complex concepts into simple explanations. For example, when explaining SQL injection to a non-technical manager, I once said it’s “a way an attacker can trick your website into spilling secrets, like a sneaky librarian letting someone read everyone’s books.” That analogy clicked, and she never forgot it.
• Practice Storytelling: When discussing technical incidents or risks, frame them as stories with clear problems and solutions. This helps your audience stay engaged and understand the importance of your work.
• Hone Your Writing Skills: Strong written communication is just as important as verbal skills. Focus on writing concise yet comprehensive reports, emails, and documentation.

Building these networking and communication skills will not only make you more effective in your role but also set you apart in job interviews and career advancement opportunities. Cybersecurity isn’t just about solving technical problems—it’s about ensuring everyone understands the importance of staying secure.

---

Market Expectations for New Security Professionals

Patience and persistence are key. New entrants often want a security title right away, but building foundational experience can take a year or more.

Realistic Timelines

• Transition from IT: 6–18 months with focused learning and networking
• Brand new to tech: 1–2 years, accounting for foundational skill building

Employers seek problem-solvers, lifelong learners, and people who can demonstrate curiosity, perseverance, and an ability to collaborate.

Next Steps: Creating Your Personal Security Career Plan

Now that you have a roadmap, personalize it.

• Assess your interest: What excites you most? Defensive roles? Offense? Policy?
• Pick a certification path: Start with the basics, and adapt as your interests evolve.
• Build your first lab: Document everything, even failed experiments.
• Network intentionally: Seek out mentors and stay active in communities.
• Stay curious: Security is a marathon, not a sprint.

When I reflect on my own entry into cybersecurity, it wasn’t a straight path. There were detours, setbacks, and plenty of “why did I do that?” moments. But each step brought me closer to a role that challenges me, inspires me, and connects me to a global mission.

Your turn. Get started, get curious, and make the cyber world a bit safer for all of us.